Purerehua are a traditional Maori musical instruments they are usually made using stone, bone, or wood but I made mine using cardboard. The design on mine has many scribbles.

 

When I spun my Purerehua fast, the pitch was higher because the purerehua was spinning at a higher frequency, making a shorter wavelength and high frequency soundwave.

When I spun it slower the pitch was lower because it was spinning at a lower frequency, making a longer wavelength and low frequency sound wave.

 

sound waves can have different frequencies and amplitude.. The amplitude of a wave changes its volume., while the frequency and wavelength changes it’s pitch. to make a lous high pitch sound with my purerehua would spin it really fast.

 

How do we hear music through headphones?

  1. The headphones vibrate and create sound waves
  2. The sound waves travel through the ear canal(s)
  3. they hit our eardrum, which makes it vibrate
  4. The vibrations go to the cochlea then are turned into electrical signals, so the brain can comprehend them

By listening to excessive loud noise, you can get noise-induced hearing loss. You can prevent this by listening to music at a safe volume, and wearing hearing protection when you are in loud environments(like concerts).

Chicken wing dissection

aim

see how muscles, tendons and bones connect and function

 

method

  1. put on gloves
  2. place chicken on an ice cream lid(so that the chicken doesn’t contaminate the table)
  3. pinch skin with tweezers, and cut with scissors: remove all the skin
  4.  squeeze the bicep – see how this moves the forearm up
  5. locate the different muscles and tendons – cut in-between the tendons and muscles
  6. remove muscles
  7. you can now see the humerus(upper arm bone,  and the radius and ulna(forearm bones)
  8. break apart the forearm and upper arm bones
  9. you can also see the cartilage, and the elbow and shoulder joint
  10. Remove gloves, wash hands and tools thoroughly with hot, soapy water

 

 

 

results

 

 

discussion

The function of tendons is to connect the muscle and bones together – this makes it so that the muscles can move around the bones

The function of the humerus, radius and ulna is to flap the chickens wings.

The function of the elbow joint is to both connect the upper and forearm together, but also to let the upper and forearm move separately

 

 

 

 

 

Dissolving

Dissolving is when an solid is put into a liquid and becomes part of the liquid. The solid is called a solute, and the liquid is called a solvent – when you mix both of them together it is called a solution.

Some things are soluble(able to dissolve) in water like sugar and salt. Some things are insoluble(unable to be dissolved) in water such as plastic and sand.

We can speed up dissolving by making the particles move more. For example, we can stir the solvent and solute together. Or we could heat the water.

We can also speed it up by increasing surface area of the solute. Ex: instead of trying to dissolve sugar cubes in water, you could use powdered or granulated sugar instead(if you want it to dissolve quicker).  The sugar will dissolve faster with bigger surface area because more sugar particles will have contact with water-therefore the water can dissolve the sugar faster.

We did a tiny experiment to see dissolving. We had three beakers- one with cold water, one with hot water, one with hot water and getting stirred. We put the same amount of salt in each beaker to see which beaker would have the salt dissolved quicker. The one with hot water and was getting stirred was the fastest do be completely dissolved.

This happened because :

  1. heat is movement
  2. stirring is movement
  3. movement speeds up dissolving

Effects of Heat

In science, this term, we did 4 experiments to see the effects of heat on particles:

Conduction(melting ice)

The first one was about conduction. Conduction is when thermal energy(heat) cause particles to vibrate vigorously. When the particles vibrate they transfer heat to nearby particles. We put ice cubes on two different surfaces(metal and plastic) to see which one would melt faster. We saw the cube on the metal surface melted faster. We found out this happened because metal was a better conductor so it could transfer heat to the ice cube quick. The plastic surface was slower at transferring heat to the ice so the ice melted much slower.

Convection(heating potassium permanganate)

The next experiment was looking at convection; convection is when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise up(because they are less dense), and the cooler areas sink down(because they are more dense). We put a small purple crystal – potassium permanganate – in a beaker with water. We heated the beaker and saw purple trails rising up and sinking down(it made a circle). This was a convection current.

Contraction(imploding cans)

The third experiment: contraction. When an area of particles are cooled, the particles contract(come closer together). To see this we heated a soft drink can with water in it. The water turned into a hot gas(vapor). The can was put into a tub of cold water and it imploded. This happened because the water vapour inside the can contracted, due to the sudden change from hot to cold.

Diffusion(hot vs cold water)

The last experiment we did was aiming to see diffusion. Diffusion’s when particles move from high to low concentration(particles are closer together, then spread out). We put a purple crystal(potassium permanganate) into two different petri dishes. One petridish had hot water, the other cold. The permanganate dyed the water. The hot water was turning purple faster. We concluded that this happened because the purple particles diffused faster with heat.

 

My favourite experiment was the convection one because it looked pretty cool when the purple was moving in circles. Here is the writeup I did about it:

Title – Your title should tell readers about your experiment Convection
What is Convection? Find or draw a picture that shows the process of convection and put it here:

Convection happens when you heat up a gas or liquid. Then the hotter particles rise up because they are less dense and the cooler particles fall down.
Aim The aim of this experiment was to see convection happen.
Hypothesis – What do you expect might happen? During this experiment, I predicted that the potassium permanganate crystal would move around in a circle(like in the diagram).
Equipment – What equipment did we use? The equipment I used was:

  • Water
  • Potassium permanganate 
  • Straw
  • Beaker
  • Tweezers
  • 1 Ice cube
  • Bunsen burner
  • Tripod
  • lighter
  • Heatproof mat
Method – What steps did you follow to complete this experiment? The step-by-step method for my experiment is as follows:

  1. Put a heatproof mat on a flat surface
  2. Connect the bunsen burner to the gas valve the place it on the mat, close the airhole
  3. Place the tripod over the bunsen burner and put a gauze mat on the tripod
  4. Fill a 200ml beaker with 150ml of water and put one ice cube in it
  5. Put the beaker on the tripod
  6. Put a straw in the beaker
  7. With tweezers, put a potassium permanganate crystal through the straw
  8. Remove straw
  9. Hold lighter above bunsen burner then turn on gas valve, open air hole
  10. Observe the permanganate
Results

With your group, make observations about how the water circulates when heated and record them here

 During the experiment I observed that:

  •  The potassium permanganate left a purple trail in the water
  •  The trail went in a circle(went up then down)
  •  The water slowly became purple 
Discussion

Using the word list below, explain how heating the water caused the water to move in the way it did:

  • Colder
  • Particles
  • Convection
  • Warmer
  • Less dense
  • More dense

List two more ways you could make the results of your experiment more accurate.

 When the water nearest the bunsen flame is heated, the particles become warmer(less dense) so they rise. After moving away from the heat source, the particles become colder(more dense) then sink down. The particles move in a circle, this is called a convection current.

I could make my experiment better by:

  • Video recording the convection process
Conclusion

Finish this sentence to conclude your science report.

 My results supported my hypothesis because my results showed that the potassium permanganate did move in a circle. BUT, I did not imagine that it would leave a trail and make the water purple.

 

 

Hauora

Questions What to do
What are the 5 areas of hauora? The 5 areas of hauora are:

  1. Physical
  2. Mental
  3. Spiritual
  4. Social
  5. Cultural
Introduce today’s activity Today in Health we played marshmallow towers 

The rules of the game:

  • groups of 4-5
  • You get 5 strings, 1 rubber band and 5 cups
  • Put the 5 cups on a table
  • Using only the strings and rubber band, you need to move the cups from one side of the table to the other
  • You can only move 1 cup at a time
  • All people have to participate
How was your taha whānau (social) and taha hinengaro (mental and emotional)  affected when you played the game today? My taha whānau was affected today when I was working well with others.

My taha hinengaro was affected when we almost beat the other team(I was still happy but a bit upset).
What can you improve on when participating in a game with others? What I could improve on is not saying ‘Yeah, Sidhi’ when she broke a game rule.

This will have a positive impact on Sidhi’s hauora because she won’t be annoyed with me.

Hauora

Questions What to do
What are the 5 areas of hauora? The 5 areas of hauora are:

  1. Physical
  2. Mental
  3. Spiritual
  4. Social
  5. Cultural
Introduce today’s activity Today in Health we played marshmallow towers 

The rules of the game were you are in groups no bigger than 5.

Your group uses 12 marshmallows and 8 skewers to make the tallest tower. You can break the marshmallows/skewers. You can’t use anything else.
How was your taha whānau (social) and taha hinengaro (mental and emotional)  affected when you played the game today? My taha whānau was affected today when I was working with others.

My taha hinengaro was affected when I saw our tower kind of falling apart and I laughed
What can you improve on when participating in a game with others? What I could improve on is participating more(helping)

This will have a positive impact on my hauora because helping others makes me feel good

Drawing Game

What are the 5 areas of hauora? The 5 areas of hauora are:

  1. Physical
  2. Mental
  3. Spiritual
  4. Social
  5. Cultural
Introduce today’s activity Today in Health we played the drawing game

The rules of the game were you got a word, you had to describe it to someone, then they try and draw it. After that your partner has to guess what it is.
How was your taha whānau (social) and taha hinengaro (mental and emotional)  affected when you played the game today? My taha whānau was affected today when I was working with others.

My taha hinengaro was affected when I felt embarrassed for being too loud.
What can you improve on when participating in a game with others? What I could improve on is talking at a normal volume and tone.

This will have a positive impact on my hauora because I will not regret sounding annoying

Whare tapa wha and hauora

Questions What to do Evidence 
What are the 5 areas of hauora? The 5 areas of Te Whare Tapa Whā are:

  1. tinana/physical
  2. hinengaro/emotional
  3. whanau/social
  4. wairua/spiritual
  5. whenua/cultural
How can you take care of your hauora? I can take care of my hauora by exercising regularly, eating healthier foods, sleeping enough, try to understand my feelings and making positive affirmations.
What does an assertive person look like? Say what being assertive means being confident and honest but also being kind
Which areas of your hauora are strong? Why? The area of my hauora that is strong right now are spiritual because although sometimes i keep getting reminded of embarrassing stuff that happened before, I keep a growth mindset.